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高一英语第三、四单元语言复习提要

分析比较

1.only (a little/little?) water;  

only (a few/few?) students; 

2.bring; take; fetch; carry

    bring是“拿来,带来”;take是“拿去,带去”;carry是“携带”,无方向性,既可以是“带去”,也可以是“带来”;fetch是“去拿来”,包含有一来一去的意思。

例:People had to walk many kilometers in order to fetch wood.村民们要砍柴得走许多公里的路程。

    Bring your books next time when you come to school.下次来上学要把你的书带来。

    Don’t forget to take your books when you go home.回去时别忘了把书带走。

    I never carry any money about me.我身上从来不带钱。

3. be just about to do sth. when…;

had just done sth. when… ;

was/were doing sth. when

以上句型中的when表示“。。。的时候忽然发生了。。。,不可以用as, since, while 等词。

He was just about to leave when the woman arrived.

She had just put down the phone when it rang again.

We were watching TV when the electricity was cut off.

4.fewa fewa littlelittle

few, a few,  little, a little. 可为名词或形容词,在句中可作主语,表语,宾语或定语,表示“少量,不多”的意思。具体区别如下表:

表示否定含义       little       few

表示肯定含义       a little      a few

作形容词时修饰   不可数名词 可数名词复数

Of my friends few live in the USA.

You are many, they are few.

That’s too little.

There are few mistakes. 几乎没有错误。

比较:There are a few mistakes. 有一些错误。

Hurry up! We’ve little time to waste.

5.both, either, neither, any, all, none, each

 both: (两者都)  + 谓语动词 (复数)

 either: (两者中的任何一个) + 谓语动词(复数)

 neither: (两者中无任何一个) + 谓语动词(复数)

 any: (三者或三者以上中的任何一个) + 谓语动词(复数)

all: (三者或三者以上全部) + 谓语动词(复数)

none: (三者或三者以上中的无一个) + 谓语动词(复数)

each: (两个或两个以上中的每一个) + 谓语动词(复数)

1) both 其谓语动词为复数形式。它作形容词时,可直接修饰名词,如有定冠词the、物主代词或指示代词修饰名词,需要置于both之后。Both指个人或物,不可与单数名词或不可数名词搭配,只与复数名词搭配。

Both our countries belong to the third world.

Both these students are good at English. 这些学生都擅长英语。

2) eitherneither其谓语动词为单数形式。

①作为形容词,只能和单数可数名词搭配,指两者其中任何一个。

例:Either way is all right. 两种方法任意一个都行。

Neither answer is correct. 没有一个答案是正确的。

②作不定代词时,可单独使用,也可后跟of短语。

例:I wrote to John and Henry, but neither has replied. 我给约翰和亨利都写了信,但没有一个人回信。

Neither of them was in good health, but both worked very hard. 他们两人身体都不好,但他们都努力工作。

3)each其谓语动词为单数形式。

 ①作为形容词,只能与单数可数名词搭配。

例:Each pupil has found his own personal road to success. 每位学生都可以找到通向成功的道路。

    ②作为代词,可单独使用,也可后跟of短语。

例:Each has a dictionary. 每人都有一本字典。

Each of them helps the other. 他们每个人都互相帮助。

4)every只能作形容词,不能单独使用,指两个以上的人或物,修饰单数可数名词,其谓语动词为单数形式。

Every boy in the class has passed the examination. 班上的每个男孩都及格了。

它与each 的区别:

①两者所指的侧重点不同,each指许多人或物中的“各个”,侧重在个别;而every指人物中的“每个”,侧重在全体。

Each player has got a medal. 每位运动员都得到了奖牌。

   Every player was on top form. 每个运动员都处在最佳竞技状态。

each指两个或两个以上的人或物中的“每个”;而every则指三个或三个以上的人或物中的“每个”。

例:() every/each side of the square

() each/ either side of the street

()  every side of the street

5) all 修饰复数名词时,谓语动词为复数形式。修饰不可数名词时,谓语动词为单数形式。

    all作为形容词,可直接修饰名词。如有定冠词the、物主代词或指示代词修饰名词时,要放在all的后面,all可与复数名词或搭配。

   allwhole的区别在于:定冠词、物主代词或指示单数概念时,谓语动词用复数形式。

all the time = the whole time 

all my life = my whole life

all为代词时,可单独使用,也可跟of短语。当all表示单数概念时,谓语动词为单数;当表示复数概念时,谓语动词用复数形式。

All of his children are workers.

All I want is peace and silence. 我所要的是和平与安宁。

【注意】

   eachallboth 作同位语的位置:一般用于系动词be、助动词、情态动词之后,行为动词之前。

none谓语动词可为单数形式,也可为复数形式。

  none作为不定代词,其义和all相反,与no onenot any同义。它指不数名词时,谓语动词为单数形式。指复数名词时,有两种情况:

 none of + 有生命体,其谓语动词为复数。

  none of + 无生命体,其谓语动词一般为单数。

例:None of this money is mine. 这笔钱没有一点是我的。

   None of those buses goes to Huangshan. 那些公共汽车没有一辆去黄山。

 

联系归纳

1. *many; few; a few; a great many; a large number of; scores of; dozens of; hundreds of; thousands of; 修饰可数名词

*much;  little; a  little; a great deal of; 修饰不可数名词

*a lot of; a large quantity of ; plenty of;  修饰可数与不可数名词

2.different; difference; differently; 

tell the difference(s) between A and B;

tell A from B;

A is different from B;

There are some differences between … and … 

4.fall behind;

fall off;

fall in love with;

fall to pieces.  

5.the reason for his coming late;

the reason why he came late;

The reason is that…; 

sound reasonable; 

6. come about发生,改变方向

come across来到,偶遇

come along一起来,进步

come around迂回而来,绕道而来

come at袭击,达到,得到

come back 回来,恢复

come back to earth    回到现实

come by     从旁走过,得到

come down下来,倒塌,没落,垂下,流传下来

come for为…目的而来

come from来自,出生于

come into being形成,产生

come into effect开始生效

come into force开始有效,开始实行

come into power执政,掌权

come into the world出生

come into use开始被使用

come on board (船上之人员等上岸后) 归船,归舰

come out    出来,长出,被出版,结果是

come out of...产生

come to      达到,继承,复苏,停止

come to a full stop     完全停止

come to an agreement达成协议

come to an end结束

come to life 苏醒

come to light      暴露

come to nothing完全失败

come to oneself苏醒,醒悟

come true   实现,达到

come up走近,上来,发芽,发生,被提出,流行

come into effect <法律等>生效,实施

7. explain sth to sb. 

explain +that/wh- clause;

He explained to us the reason why he missed the train.

explain / explanation;

pronounce / pronunciation  

8.in the same way;

in a different way;

in a polite way (politely);

9.all night/day long;

all the year round;

the whole year; 

10.get to;

arrive at/in;

reach;

find oneself + 介词短语

11.separate A from B;

divide A into…; 

12.wild areas;

wild flowers/animals;

a wild wind;

be wild with joy;  

13.at my first sight;

catch sight of;

lose sight of;

be in/out of sight;

at the sight of; 

14.What is the price of the book?

What price is the book?

  How much / What does the book cost?

How much is the book?

How much is the book worth?

How much must I pay for the book? 

15.but

Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan.

Who but you would do such a thing?

He is poor but honest. 

can’t but do sth. 只得做

do nothing but do;

have nothing to do but do;

have no choice but to do sth.;

But for your help, I would have failed.

16. have some/no/great difficulty/ trouble (in) doing sth. ;   

17.the English language = English; 

18.stay the same = remain the same       

 

考点50

1.Do you know the difficulty he had _______ the work?

  A. on finishing           B. to finish        C. finishing            D. having finished

2. My name is Robert, ______ most of my friends call me Bob for short.

  A. then                    B. instead      C. however            D. but

3. We’ll have to finish the job, _________ .

A.      long it takes however      B.      it takes however long

C.      long however it takes      D.     however long it takes

4. ---Have you finished designing the machine?

   --- ____ finished but there’s still something to improve.

  A. More or less        B. Sooner or later   C. Less than         D. More than

5.Why don’t you go and ask him _______ help?

A. about              B. for             C. of                               D. /

6. It’s said that the weather will _______ hot for another three or four days.

  A. look                  B. last            C. stay                       D. get

7. This is the same knife ______ I lost yesterday.

  A. which               B. what                 C. like                    D. as

8.How much has the company _____ this year?

  A. brought in        B. brought down   C. come down               D. made in

9. I don’t know how this thing come ________ .

  A. about                  B. out             C. away                        D. over

10. There are ______ people dancing and singing in the park on May Day.

  A. a good many         B. a good many of  C. the large number of  D. a great deal of

11.She thought I was talking about her daughter, ______ in fact, I was talking about my daughter.

  A. whom                  B. where        C. which               D. while

12.Why do you want a new job, ____ you’re got such a good one already?

  A. that                    B. where        C. which                   D. when

13. ---I am going to the office.

   ---_____ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?

  A. As                    B. While         C. Because                 D. If

14. Did you have trouble ______ the post office?

  A. to have found           B. with finding  C. to find              D. in finding

15.______ new books have been given away since then.

  A. Many of        B. A great many of      C. A plenty of     D. A great many

16. If ______ finished, I’ll start clearing up.

A.      you more or less have       B.      you more and less have     

C.      you have more and less      D.     you have more or less

17. He _____ time to think all this over.

A. asked                  B. asked for    C. wanted for                   D. hoped

18.What a lovely day! I hope it’ll _____ fine.

  A. come               B. stay           C. keep up                    D. become out

19. the sound was heard _____ and he got very nervous.

  A. more or less             B. now and then   C. at least             D. above all

20. Your homework is all right, ______, you can do it better, I think.

  A. but                   B. while          C. however                   D. instead

21. They didn’t know the change had ______.

  A. come on              B. come about     C. come in               D. come back

22. The new comers ______ new customs and new habits.

  A. brought back           B. brought up  C. brought out           D. brought in

23.____ Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.

A.      However late is he      B.      However he is late  

C.      However is he late      D.     However late he is

24. If you work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _____ it is.

  A. what             B. how       C. however        D. whatever

25. Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially _____ Father was away in France.

  A. during                  B. if               C. unless              D. while

26.When we _______ after a long talk, we found the children sleeping in _____ beds.

A.      separated; separate      B.      separated; separated     

C.      separate; separate     D.     separate; separated

27.___ of people were at the airport to ____ .

A.      Thousand; see off them      B.      Thousands; see off them

C.      Thousand; see them off      D.     Thousands; see them off

28.He usually _____ a bus to work instead of going by taxi.

  A. takes              B. carries               C. gets                   D. sits

29.The _____ boy was last seen ______ near the East Lake. 5

  A. missing; playing     B. missing; play  C. missed; played       D. missed; to play

30. I was about to go out for a walk ______ it began to rain.

   A. when                   B. while                 C. as                      D. during

31.They can sell their beef ______ a high price in the market.

   A. in                      B. with                  C. at                    D. on

32. I will be back _________ .

  A. in a few days     B. for a few days   C. after a few days    D. a few days later

33.The suit fitted him well ______ the color was a little brighter.

  A. except for            B. except that  C. except when             D. besides

34.He said that he watched TV every _____ day.

  A. another              B. three          C. the second                   D. other

35.Hurry! The train _______. You know it _______ at 8:30 a.m.

A.      leaves; leaves        B.      is leaving; leaves

C.      leaves; is leaving       D.     is leaving; is leaving

36.---Is this raincoat yours?

  ---No, mine _____ there behind the door.

    A. is hanging           B. has hung    C. hangs                       D. hung

37.The missing boy was last seen _______ near the river.

    A. playing                     B. to be playing      C. play                      D. to play

38.What _____ when they _______ last Thursday?

    A. did you do; were seeing me off               B. were you doing; saw me off

    C. did you do; saw off me                          D. were you doing; were seeing me off

39.I _______ go shopping when the telephone rang.

   A. was about to          B. was just to     C. would              D. was on the point

40. He goes to the park every morning _____ .

A.      except for rainy days     B.      besides it rains

C.      but that it rains       D.     except on rainy days

41.---When will you be back? 

---I’ll be back ______ a couple of days.

   A. after                      B. for                    C. about                     D. in

2.When Tom was ill in hospital, his classmates went to see him _______ .

A.      every a few days   B. every two days  C.      everyday      D. every the second day

43.---______ is the price of this pair of shoes?

  ---The price is ____. It’s only 60 yuan for each.

  A. What; expensive    B. How much; high       C. How much; chap   D. What; low

44.I often hear the old lady _____ in the next room. Last night while I was reading in bed, I heard her ________ loudly.

   A. cough; coughing  B. coughing; cough  C. cough; coughing  D. coughing; coughing

45.He _____ at the moment, so he can’t come to the telephone.

   A. bathed                B. has bathed          C. will bathe                 D. is bathing

46.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _____ so rapidly.

    A. is changing          B. has changed   C. will have changed      D. will change

47.As we join the big crowd I got ______ from my friends.

   A. separated             B. spared        C. lost                D. missed

48.Seeing the sun _____ above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.

  A. to rise           B. to raise       C. rising                    D. raising

49.We were reading _____ the light went out.

  A. while             B. what       C. when             D. where

50.---I’ll fly to England on business tomorrow.

  --- ___________ .

  A. See you later.        B. Congratulations!    C. Have a good trip!   D. Not at all. 

 

Key:

1.C 2.D 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.A 9.A  10.A 11.D 12.D 13.B 14.D 15.D 16.D 17.B 18.B 19.B 20.C 21.B 22.D 23.D 24.C 25. D 26.A 27.D 28.A 29.A 30.A 31.C 32. A 33. B   34.D 35.B 36.A  37.A 38.B 39.A 40. D 41.D 42.B 43.D 44.A   45.D 46.A 47.A 48.C 49.C 50.C