翻译大家许渊冲先生说过：“21世纪要建设世界文化，不能仅关注一个国家的文化；但要建设世界文化，中国文化在其中发挥着举足轻重的作用。回顾中西方文化发展历史，在2000年前，中国文化和西方文化是并立的，西方有荷马史诗，中国有《诗经》、《楚辞》；在1000年前，中国有汉唐文化，西方有宗教文化，西方文化不如中国文化繁华发展；但在最近500年来，西方文化呈现压倒中国文化之势；一直到21世纪中国提出”中国梦“，中国文化逐渐复兴，才又跟西方文化并起。”这段话告诉我们，要实现“中国梦”就要大力复兴中国文化，作为祖国的未来，我们大学生有责任有义务了解中国文化、传承中国文化。

 

【翻译练习】

Directions:

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

 

 

【参考译文】

Xu refers to a state of the cosmos or a state of mind. Basically, it has two different meanings. The first refers to the origin of the universe, indicating that everything originates from xu, Different ancient thinkers have different interpretations of this notion: Some take xu as being devoid of anything; others believe it is the state of existence of qi（气）. Because qi is invisible and formless, It is said to be empty, but not a vacuum totally devoid of anything. The second meaning of xu refers to a state of mind that is peaceful, not preoccupied or simply free of any preconceptions.

 

无为而治 letting nature take its own course/govern by noninterference

 

乡土文化 native culture

 

炎黄子孙 a Chinese descendant/the Chinese nation

 

以德行仁 practice humanity with virtue

 

源远流长 have a long history

 

中国意识 Chineseness

 

中国元素 Chinese elements

 

中庸之道 doctrine of the mean

 

二十四节气 24 solar terms

 

民间工艺品 folk arts and crafts

 

文化多样性 cultural diversification

 

文化软实力 cultural soft power

 

传统文化知识 traditional cultural know-how

 

对外文化贸易 international cultural trade

 

思想道德建设 raise ideological and ethical standards

 

《四库全书》 Complete Works of Chinese Classics

 

文化产业基地 cultural industrial base

 

文化传播渠道 channels of cultural transmission

 

文化创意产业 cultural creative industry

 

文化体制改革 reform of cultural administrative system; cultural restructuring

 

骨干文化企业 leading/key cultural enterprises

 

文化资源整合 integration of cultural resources

 

新兴文化业态 emerging cultural formats

 

改造落后的文化 transform the backward culture

 

世界文化遗产地 world cultural heritage site

 

弘扬民族优秀文化 advance and enrich the fine cultural heritage of the nation

 

文化下乡长效机制 long-term mechanism for developing culture in rural areas

 

重大文化产业项目 major cultural industrial projects

 

国家一类文物保护单位 cultural relics (units) under first-grade state protection

 

吸收外国文化有益成果 absorb the achievements of foreign cultures

 

修身、齐家、治国、平天下 self-cultivation, a well-managed family, and the ability to administer the state and to bring peace to the nation

 

天干地支 Heavenly Stems and Earthy Branches

 

天人合一 unity of man and nature

 

天下为公 the world or country for all

 

文化宝藏 cultural treasures

 

文化产业 cultural industry

 

农耕文化 farming culture

 

善养浩气 skillful in nourishing virtual force

 

慎言敏行 diligent in duties and careful in speech

 

十二生肖 Chinese Zodiac

 

思维方式 the way of thinking

 

文化创新 cultural innovation

 

文化事业 cultural undertakings

 

文化视点 cultural perspective

 

文化需求 cultural needs

 

文化摇篮 cradle of culture

 

文化遗迹 cultural relics

 

文化重建 cultural reconstruction

 

文化自觉 cultural awareness

 

八股文 eight-legged; official stereotyped writing

 

本命年 one‘s animal year

 

道德观 moral outlook

 

端午节 Dragon Boat Festival

 

翰林院 Imperial Academy

 

和为贵 harmony is most precious

 

礼之本 essence of the rites

 

年夜饭 family reunion dinner

 

仁之本 the foundation of harmony

 

文化界 cultural circles

 

孝与敬 filial piety and reverence

 

红包 red envelope/money given to children as a lunar New Year gift

 

中山装 Chinese tunic suit/Mao suit

 

重阳节 the Double Ninth Festival

 

敬老慈幼 respect the old and love the young

 

孔孟之道 Confucius-Mencius doctrines

 

孔子学院 Confucius Institute

 

礼乐文化 rites and music culture

 

礼仪之邦 a land of ceremony and decorum

 

礼义廉耻 Courtesy, Justice, Integrity and Sense of Shame

 

龙的传人 the generation of dragon

 

民本思想 populist ideas

 

民间文化 folk culture

 

民俗庙会 temple fair of folk custom

 

民族文化 national culture

 

民族自豪 national pride

 

墨家学派 the Mohist school

 

内外兼修 whole care

 

隋唐佛学 The Buddhist philosophy during Sui and Tang dynasties

 

《道德经》Tao Te Ching/Classic of the Way of Virtue

 

《弟子规》 Disciples Regulation

 

《百家姓》 Pamphlet of Chinese Surnames/Book of (China's) Family Names

 

《战国策》 Strategies of the Warring States

 

道德修养 moral self-cultivation

 

道法自然 Tao models itself after nature

 

博大精深 broad and profound

 

出土文物 unearthed relics

 

传统美德 traditional virtues

 

传统文化 traditional culture

 

风土人情 local conditions and customs

 

刚柔并济 combination of softness and hardness

 

和谐文化 harmonious culture

 

厚德载物 great virtue promotes growth

 

皇城根儿 the foot of the imperial city

 

精神文明 spiritual civilization; advanced culture and ethic