第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)
　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
　　(对不起，第一篇暂缺)
　　第二篇 stop eating too much
　　“clean your plate!” and “be a member of the clean—plate club!” just about every kid in the us has heard this from a parent or grandparent。often，it's accompanied by an appeal：“just think about those starving orphans(孤儿)in africa t”sure，we should be grateful for。every bite of food.unfortunately, many people in the us take too many bites.instead of staying“clean the.plate”，perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.
　　according to news reports，us restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies(肚子).a waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer，with two to four times the amount recommended by the government，according to a usa today story.americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that.they prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little.
　　barbara rolls，a nutrition(营养)professor at pennsylvania state university, told usa today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1 970s，the same time that the american waistline(腰围)began to expand.
　　health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. now，apparently，some customers are cal¨n白for‘this“too.the restaurant industry trade magazine qsr reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4，000 people surveyed believed restaurants served portions that were too large;23 percent had no opinion;20percent disagreed.but a closer look at the survey indicates that many americans who can’t afford fine dining still prefer large portions.s